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– **Collector Panel**: Absorbs sunlight and converts it into heat.
– **Storage Tank**: Holds the heated water for use.
In the context of using plastic bottles, the collector panel is constructed by arranging these bottles in a manner that maximizes solar absorption. The design leverages the greenhouse effect, where sunlight enters the clear bottles, is absorbed by the blackened inner surfaces, and is trapped, heating the water inside. This heated water then rises and circulates to the storage tank, providing a continuous supply of warm water.
### 3. Benefits of Using Plastic Bottles for Solar Water Heating
– **Environmental Sustainability**: Utilizes recycled materials, reducing plastic waste and promoting eco-friendly practices.
– **Cost-Effectiveness**: Minimizes expenses by repurposing readily available materials and reducing reliance on commercial heating systems.
– **Energy Independence**: Decreases dependence on conventional energy sources, offering a renewable alternative.
– **Scalability**: Allows for customization based on heating needs by adjusting the number of bottles and collector size.
### 4. Materials Required
To construct a solar water heater using plastic bottles, the following materials are essential:
– **Plastic Bottles**: Clear 2-liter PET bottles, approximately 60-100, depending on desired capacity.
– **Milk Cartons**: Empty cartons to serve as additional insulation.
– **PVC Pipes and Fittings**:
– 100mm diameter PVC pipe (70 cm length)
– 20mm diameter PVC pipes (11.7 meters total)
– 90-degree elbows
– T-connectors
– End caps
– **PVC Glue**: For securing pipe connections.
– **Black Matte Paint**: To enhance heat absorption.
– **Sandpaper**: For surface preparation.
– **Self-Amalgamating Tape**: For sealing joints.
– **Rubber Hammer**: For assembling PVC components.
– **Hand Saw**: For cutting PVC pipes.
– **Wood or Supporting Material**: For mounting the collector panel.
– **Storage Tank**: To store the heated water.
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